Pakistan Journal of Applied Social Sciences

Creativity in Language Teaching

Maliha Siddiqi — Thu, 08 Sep 2022 00:00:00 +0100

The aim of this study is to highlight the importance of creativity in language teaching. This is an era of technology. Modern techniques are replacing ancient ones. Changes are taking place all around us, whether they are gradual or drastic. In this scenario, teachers should adopt the latest trends and techniques, in order to cope with the modern world. The necessity to learn a foreign language has become intense due to the increase in globalization and expansion in international relations, trade, technology, and media. Textbooks are said to be a major source of Language Teaching in Pakistan. Unfortunately, the current curriculum is not well-equipped for the challenges of 21st century. Primarily all the teachers and particularly language teachers need to enhance their expertise in teaching. If they use a diversity of teaching methods and strategies, learning will be more active. Students should be given chance to reproduce in the new language as it would help them to ‘switch’ from their native language to the language they are going to learn. This research throws light on the importance of creativity in the acquisition of a new language and the practical ways through which it may be implemented so that language teachers can opt for them with ease.

Motion of No-confidence against Imran Khan: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Newspaper Headlines

Mr Muhammad Arshad, Ms. Nazish Khan — Thu, 08 Sep 2022 00:00:00 +0100

The current research study is aimed at critical discourse analysis of the newspaper headlines about the motion of no-confidence against Imran Khan in the parliament of Pakistan. The study is descriptive qualitative. Fairclough’s (1992) framework for critical discourse analysis of a communicative event was used for this study. Twenty-six newspaper headlines were selected from reputed Pakistani English and Urdu newspapers. The data was collected through purposive sampling techniques. The critical discourse analysis of newspaper headlines elucidated how the same news item was differently presented in different newspapers due to the ideological perspectives of their editors. The study reflects that the editors of newspapers have concealed ideologies that aim to create a sensation among their readers by employing a stimulating lexicon. These headlines function as a tool for propagating the hidden ideologies of editors to achieve their concealed objectives. The study draws the conclusion that newspaper headlines are representations of the editors’ ideologies which reflect their political, religious and personal propensity regardless of their claim to be unbiased and neutral in their field. The newspaper editors exploit headlines to shape readers’ thinking on issues of national concern.

Crisis Marketing: Hand Washing Brands Communication during Covid-19 Pandemic

Dr Faheem Akher, Ms. Fatima Kiran, Ms. Aisha Shams — Thu, 08 Sep 2022 00:00:00 +0100

Natural catastrophes and crises have recently gained international significance, partly as a result of business globalization and increased international communication. In the pandemic situation, the importance of hygiene increased, and washing hands at regular intervals or frequently washing after touching some external surface was important to fight against the deadly virus called COVID-19. This paper tries to understand the message of the hand washing advertisements of Dettol, Lifebuoy, and Safeguard. It also tries to understand the emotional appeal in advertisements impacting the customers and whether its message content helps in increasing the awareness of the safety and hygiene appeals made by the hand washing brands in their advertising content. This study conducted a content analysis of Dettol, Lifebuoy, and Safeguard advertisements for one year from 1st February 2020 to 28th February 2021.

Causes, Consequences, and Countermeasures of Terrorism in Pakistan: A Sociological Analysis

Syeda Aleen Naqvi, Dr Muneera Moulabuksh, Prof. Dr. Muhammad Abdul Malik — Thu, 08 Sep 2022 00:00:00 +0100

Terrorism tends to generate threats to the safety of common man and panic in society. These acts are beyond the preview of the law of the state. There are several types and natures e.g. political, philosophical, ideological, ethnic, religious, and others. In a wider sense, terrorism carries political motives. The perpetrators or acts of terrorism can be individuals, groups, or states. Terrorist attacks have become tragically common around the world. The majority of (82 %) terrorist attacks and deaths occurred in 5 nations, including Pakistan. South Asia is left alone as a regional frontline fighter dealing with terrorism. Pakistan frequently faces the challenges of terrorist activities with several factional assaults. The study focuses on the causes, consequences, and countermeasures of terrorism in Pakistani society, particularly in Karachi. A convenient sampling of the non-probability sampling technique is employed. Data is obtained with a sample of the targeted area. This included law enforcement agencies and administration. The result indicates the opinion of the public, civil society organizations, and think tanks on terrorism.

Cultural Competence: A tool to Augment the Education Recovery in Universities of Pakistan

Ms Seema Khalid, Dr. Khalid Mahmood Iraqi — Thu, 08 Sep 2022 00:00:00 +0100

This paper aims to develop a cross-cultural lens, build upon Cultural Competence (CC) to provide valuable insights to handle the hard hits of the much-touted epidemic on the education sector and for stimulating Education Recovery in Pakistan, which is of utmost importance in nowadays’ global scenario. Pakistan with a frail technological background coupled with a financial trajectory needs to take up an intelligent direction to speed up the education loss recovery. Policy development and effective planning in universities require sound strategy and comprehensive training so to equip the teachers with all the tools to effectively handle the cultural variations in a class and develop transcultural relationships and environment in universities. Relevant information is gathered from three universities in Karachi using a purposive sampling technique through a questionnaire while the sample size includes 102 responses. SPSS was used for the analysis and instrument reliability was tested through Cronbach Alpha. The correlational Regression Model was run and findings show that the chosen constituents of Cultural Competence have a positive and significant relationship with the motivation and performance of teachers. The research concludes that CC can be used as a tool for the enhancement of faculty performance on the ground of its social and economic benefits.

Dynamics of Money Laundering and Terrorism: In Immigrants’ Nexus Perspective

Dr Tahseen Ahmed Shaikh, Dr Ammad Zafar — Thu, 08 Sep 2022 00:00:00 +0100

This article throws light on the linkage between money laundering and terrorist financing. These two serious organized crimes are dynamic and carry an inherent risk of transnational threat. Despite counter-regime activism, their proliferation is still aggravating the scenario. The central focus of the research is to review the linkages of organized crime with immigration, particularly money laundering and terrorist financing. By adopting qualitative and quantitative research approaches, the researcher tried to examine anti-money laundering & related counterterrorism policies, measures, and regulations having immigrants nexus. It is a proven fact; the porous borders of non-developed countries with internal fragile, politically disturbed, terrorist-ridden, dwindling economies have been macro-pushing factors to illegal immigrants. After 9/11, there have been frequent cases of terrorist activities, which is not possible without the involvement of terrorist financing. Thus the researcher realized its gravity and opted for the research title as a need of the hour. The various loopholes in countering money laundering and terrorist financing regime were reviewed to reach out to the root causes and existing weaknesses at the regime's end. The objective is to dissect the dynamics of money laundering and terrorism in nexus with immigrants' perspectives. The absences of laws and regulations or weak enforcement in the non-developing countries testify to the seriousness shown by existing governments towards curbing this menace. These conducive conditions substantiate criminal networks to expand their muscles at the transnational level, particularly in developed countries. As a way forward, the researcher believes the article will be a valuable contributing factor in curbing immigrants' nexus in money laundering and terrorism.

The Importance of The Government Support for Operations of Islamic Micro Finance Bank

Muhammad Mubashir Qadir Khan, Mr Shariq Mubashir — Mon, 08 Aug 2022 00:00:00 +0100

The role of the government and political pressure groups are the fundamental requirement for the success of Islamic micro finance banking. It is different to the conventional banking, and it is more like a social movement. It encourages the poor people to develop themselves with the support of the government and the Islamic micro finance bank. The basic objective of such institutions to poor peasants through small amounts of advances/ agriculture raw material for crops. The returns are always difficult without support of the socio-political groups in the locality. The study is based on qualitative techniques two propositions which were theoretically selected and discussed in detail. The sample is selected of 60 persons of working in senior positions in small financial institutions. A sample of 60 officials covered for this survey. Data collect via online survey. Pre-structured close ended questionnaire was sent via email on around 150 email IDs of executives of the financial institutions. Pakistan is a collective, conservative, cultural, country where socio cultural bonds in the public are very strong. Therefore, without political support, no public work can be successful.

Principals and Teachers as a Change Agent

Saima Hasan — Thu, 08 Sep 2022 00:00:00 +0100

Research over the last millennium has focused on identifying the traits and characteristics that make for influential leaders and the types of change agents they should be. Second-grade teachers are expected to meet the emotional, social, physical, and biological needs of their students. The secondary school principal sets the tone and promotes their development. The principal must provide data to teachers in order for them to improve their instruction and curriculum assessment. This study aims to assess their attitudes that have been identified as productive concerning the skills and qualities they believe are essential to their success as evolving operatives in their school systems. Those specific problems to be studied include any differences that are important for successful principal leaders in the school's socio-economic context, gender, and the role that the demographic composition of the student population can play. The study looked at secondary school principals in different districts of Karachi. The questionnaire was divided into four sections that focused on the demographics of principals and their schools, abilities and characteristics assessed using the Likert Scale, and significant school changes. The prominent gender, the socio-economic context in schools, and schools with diverse demographic compositions were among the areas that yielded positive results. In conclusion, school size and teachers' level of education had a more significant influence on teacher perceptions of secondary school principals' leadership behavior than any other variable. Surprisingly, secondary school principals' gender, age, qualification, or professional education had little influence on how teachers perceived their leadership. Although the level of education of principals was significant in influencing teacher perceptions of principals' adaptation of recognized leadership skills to meet the needs of children, the size of the school and teachers' qualifications were the most influential in shaping teacher perceptions of middle school principals' leadership behavior. This could be of interest to teachers' communities, department heads looking to hire principals, and universities developing programs for teaching staff.